天然气(qi)管(guan)(guan)道是指将天然气(qi)（包括(kuo)油(you)田生产的伴生气(qi)）从开采地或处理厂输送(song)到城市配气(qi)中(zhong)心或工(gong)业企业用(yong)(yong)户(hu)的管(guan)(guan)道，又称输气(qi)管(guan)(guan)道。利用(yong)(yong)天然气(qi)管(guan)(guan)道输送(song)天然气(qi)，是陆地上(shang)大量(liang)输送(song)天然气(qi)的方式(shi)。在世(shi)界管(guan)(guan)道总长中(zhong)，天然气(qi)管(guan)(guan)道约占一半(ban)。

天然气管(guan)道(dao)运输(shu)具有运输(shu)成(cheng)本低、占地少、建设(she)快、油(you)气运输(shu)量大、安全性(xing)能高、运输(shu)损(sun)耗少、无“三废”排放、发(fa)生(sheng)泄露危险(xian)小(xiao)(xiao)、对环境污染小(xiao)(xiao)、受恶劣气候影(ying)响(xiang)小(xiao)(xiao)、设(she)备维(wei)修量小(xiao)(xiao)、便于管(guan)理(li)、易于实现远(yuan)程集中监控等优势。

输(shu)(shu)气(qi)管道可(ke)按其用途分集气(qi)管道、输(shu)(shu)气(qi)管道、配气(qi)管道等三(san)种。

①集气管道(dao)：从(cong)气田(tian)井(jing)口装置经集气站到气体处(chu)理厂或起点压(ya)(ya)气站的管道(dao)，主要用(yong)于收集从(cong)地(di)层中开采(cai)出来未经处(chu)理的天然气。由(you)于气井(jing)压(ya)(ya)力很高(gao)，一般集气管道(dao)压(ya)(ya)力约(yue)在100千克力/厘米2以上(shang),管径为(wei)50～150毫米。

②输(shu)(shu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)道:从气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)源的(de)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)体处(chu)理厂或起点压(ya)(ya)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)站到各(ge)大城市的(de)配(pei)(pei)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中心(xin)、大型(xing)用户(hu)或储气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)库(ku)的(de)管(guan)道，以及气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)源之间相互连通的(de)管(guan)道，输(shu)(shu)送(song)(song)经过处(chu)理符合管(guan)道输(shu)(shu)送(song)(song)质量标准的(de)天然气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)（见管(guan)道输(shu)(shu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工艺），是(shi)整个输(shu)(shu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)系统的(de)主体部分。输(shu)(shu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)道的(de)管(guan)径比集(ji)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)道和配(pei)(pei)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)道管(guan)径大，****的(de)输(shu)(shu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)道管(guan)径为(wei)1420毫米(mi)(mi)。天然气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)依(yi)靠起点压(ya)(ya)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)站和沿(yan)线(xian)压(ya)(ya)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)站加压(ya)(ya)输(shu)(shu)送(song)(song)，输(shu)(shu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)压(ya)(ya)力(li)为(wei)70～80千(qian)克力(li)/厘米(mi)(mi)2，管(guan)道全长可达数(shu)千(qian)公(gong)里。

③配气(qi)管(guan)道(dao)：从城市调(diao)压计(ji)量站(zhan)到用(yong)(yong)(yong)户支(zhi)线的管(guan)道(dao)，压力低(di)(di)、分支(zhi)多，管(guan)网稠密，管(guan)径小(xiao)，除(chu)大量使用(yong)(yong)(yong)钢管(guan)外，低(di)(di)压配气(qi)管(guan)道(dao)也可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)塑料管(guan)或其他材质的管(guan)道(dao)。